Alfred



goiter: giants gamut @ffi ALFRED PARAF, or ew YORK, N. Y.

Letters Patent No. 80,207, dated July 21, 1868.

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T0 ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, ALFRED PARAF, now residing in the city, county, and'Statc of New York, have invented a new and useful Article of Manufacture, which I denominate Asphalte Cloth, and that the following is a full, clear, and exact description and specification of my said invention. v

My invention is based upon the discovery made by me that albumen will precipitate esphalturn or some of its component parts from its solutions, and my invention consists of the combination of a textile fabric with a coating of albuminized asphaltum, or an albuminized component of asphaltum, the said combination being a. waterproof cloth applicable to a great variety of purposes in the usefularts, for which India-rubber cloths are nowused. v

My new combination may be produced in several ways, of which the following has been found by trial to give the best result: I use, as the basis of my new cloth, ordinary woven cotton cloth, and I treat it alternatcly with solutions of albumen and asphaltumptaking care to dry the fabric, by permitting it to hang in a warmroom after each application of a. solution. The albumen employed may be of either animalor vegetable origin, that "which I preferto use being the gluten obtained from wheat flour by the usual process of obtaining that article. In order to prepare my albuminous solution, I dissolve the gluten in dilute acetic acid, andI add a suflicient quantity of water to the solution to make it contain, when ready for use, about twentyper cent. of its weight of gluten.

In preparing the solution of asphaltum, I prefer to;ma.ke use of that variety of it which is known by the name of Gra'lrarnitmelthough others of the soluble asphaltums'may be used. I dissolve one part, by weight, of Grahamitc in two parts, by weight, of benzole, by the aid of heat. Afterwards the solution is filtered, and

. from two and a half to five per cent. of its weight of thc viscid solution of India rubber in bcnzole (commonly sold as India-rubber cement) is added to the solution, the quantity so added depending upon the suppleness which it is'desiredthe fabric should have when finished.

The cloth is first immersed in vthe albuminous solutionynndis then passed between squeezing-rollers to expel the surplus liquid,aft cr which it is hung up until dry. The dry albuminized cloth is next immersed in the asphultum-soluti'on, or is coated with it, according totheeharacter which the fabric is to have when finished. If it is to be coated on one side with the albuminized usphaltiim, the solution ofasphaltum may be applied to the albuminized cloth by means of a. brush, or may be spread upon it by means of a doctor, or in the mode used in the manufacture of India-rubber cloths for spreading the solution of India rubber. upon cloth; After the spreading is completed, the fabric is hung up to rlry, and when dry is coated a second time (by brushing or immersion) with thealbuminous solution. Whenthis coating has become dry, the cloth is coated a second time with the solution of asphaltuin, and is again dried. 'lhis duplex coating of albumen and asphaltum is generally sulfieient to make the cloth impervious to waterlint, if deemed expedient, the number of alternate coat ings may beincreased until the albuminized asphaltum has attained the desired thickness upon the face of the fabric. After the lustcoat of asphaltumj has become dry I subject the fahric to the action of hot calenderrolls, such as are used in print-works for ealendering Fabrics,and I find it expedient to heat those rolls (either by gusor by steam) to a temperature of about 300 Fahrenheit. I i

The above operations maybe varied by applying a second thickness of ulbumiuized cloth to the coated side of the first after the lust coating of the asphalt-um solution has been applied, and by subjecting the fabric to pressure before the osphaltnznesolution dries, (in whicn case the asphalte cloth produced will have a cloth face at each side,) and by combining several thicknesses of cloth, by means of the 'albnminized asphaltum, heavy impervious cloth arti cles,such as hose for water, amlmachine-belting, can be produced. Again, the character of the asphnlte cloth may be varied by sifting flock, fur-clippings, ori shoddy over the coated surface while the last coating of nsphaltum is sticky, and by subjecting the whole to pressure between roll's, so as to compress the fibrous material into thcmoist aspheltum, and cnuseit to adhere to the fabric when it has become dry.

Although I prefer to use gluten and acetic acid for the preparation of the albuminous solution, and Gra hamite and benzole for the prepnratio'n'ofthe aspheltum-solution, my invention is not restricted t'o these materials for the preparation of thetwo solutions, as the kinds of albumen and soluble asphaltum and the solvents employed may be varied as found expedient, as well as the mode in which the albuminized asphaltum is produced upon the cloth'. So, also, any variety of textile fabric that is found useful may be employed as the basis of my new-fabric, felted cloths being advantageous when, the fabric is to be used for the manufacture of over-shoes, leggings, and many other articles of clothing.

Although I prefer to use India. rubber as a. constituent of the asphaltum-solution, my invention is not limited to such use, andin some csses I proposev to add a small quantity of a vegetable oil, such as linseed or caster-oil, to the asphaltum-solution before applying it to the cloth;

What I claim as nay inventioruend desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- The asphalte cloth hereinbefore described, consisting of the combination of a. textile fabric with albuminizeti asphaltum, substantially as before set forth. I

In testimony whereof, I have hereto set my hand, this third day of February, A. D. 1868.

' ALFRED PARAF. Witnesses:

E-(S. RENwroK, J. RATHBONE', Jr. 

